Skin Conditions

Q: What are the main skin conditions?

A: Skin conditions refer to a wide range of disorders or abnormalities that affect the skin’s appearance, texture, or function. These conditions can result from various causes, including infections, inflammation, autoimmune reactions, genetic factors, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices. Some common skin conditions include:

Acne — a common skin condition characterised by the formation of pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads, often occurring on the face, chest, and back.

Eczema (Dermatitis) — inflammation of the skin that leads to redness, itching, and sometimes blistering. There are different types of eczema, including atopic dermatitis and contact dermatitis.

Psoriasis — a chronic autoimmune condition that leads to the rapid buildup of skin cells, resulting in red, scaly patches on the skin.

Rosacea — a chronic skin disorder that causes redness, flushing, and sometimes the development of small, red, pus-filled bumps on the face.

Dermatitis — inflammation of the skin that can be caused by various factors, including irritants, allergens, or genetic predisposition.

Urticaria (Hives) — raised, itchy welts on the skin that are usually caused by an allergic reaction.

Vitiligo — a condition characterised by the loss of pigmentation in certain areas of the skin, resulting in white patches.

Impetigo — a contagious bacterial skin infection that leads to the formation of red sores and blisters.

Fungal Infections — various fungal infections, such as ringworm or athlete’s foot, can affect the skin, nails, or hair.

Skin Cancer — the abnormal growth of skin cells that can lead to the formation of malignant tumors. Melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma are common types of skin cancer.

Hidradenitis Suppurativa — a chronic skin condition characterised by the formation of painful bumps or abscesses in areas where skin rubs together.

Lupus Erythematosus — an autoimmune disease that can affect the skin, joints, kidneys, and other organs.

It’s important to note that this is not an exhaustive list, and there are many other skin conditions with varying symptoms and severity. If you suspect you have a skin condition, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional or dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Q: What are the treatments for the skin conditions?

A: There are different treatments available depending on the condition:

Acne

• Over-the-counter (OTC) topical treatments with ingredients like benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid.
• Prescription medications, including topical retinoids, antibiotics, or oral contraceptives (for women).
• Isotretinoin for severe cases.

Eczema (Dermatitis)

• Moisturisers to keep the skin hydrated.
• Topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
• Topical calcineurin inhibitors.
• Antihistamines for itching.
• Phototherapy in some cases.

Psoriasis

• Topical corticosteroids or other topical treatments.
• Phototherapy (light therapy).
• Systemic medications like methotrexate, cyclosporine, or biologics.

Rosacea

• Topical antibiotics or metronidazole.
• Oral antibiotics (tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline).
• Topical brimonidine for redness.
• Laser therapy for visible blood vessels.

Warts

• Over-the-counter wart removers (salicylic acid).
• Cryotherapy (freezing the wart).
• Prescription medications.
• Laser treatment or surgical removal.

Fungal Infections (e.g., Ringworm, Athlete’s Foot)

• Antifungal creams or ointments.
• Oral antifungal medications.
• Keeping the affected area clean and dry.

Skin Cancer

• Surgery for removal.
• Radiation therapy.
• Chemotherapy (for advanced cases).
• Immunotherapy or targeted therapy.

Hives (Urticaria)

• Antihistamines to relieve itching.
• Corticosteroids for severe cases.
• Identifying and avoiding triggers.